人工智能提升新质生产力水平了吗？——基于研发金融中介与市场化调节视角

Has Artificial Intelligence Enhancedthe New Quality Productive Forces? An Analysis Fromthe Perspective of R&D Financial Intermediaries and Market-Based Regulation

摘要:

新质生产力是创新驱动的先进生产力形态,对经济高质量发展至关重要。文章基于2010—2023年国内省际面板数据,通过计量模型实证分析了人工智能对新质生产力的影响效应。研究发现,人工智能发展能显著提升新质生产力水平,该结论在多重稳健性检验后依然成立。机制检验显示,人工智能通过提高研发投入强度和金融服务效率间接赋能新质生产力发展,前者强化技术创新支撑,后者优化资金配置;市场化进程对人工智能和新质生产力关系具有正向调节作用,市场机制放大了人工智能的技术外溢效应。异质性检验显示,人工智能对东部和西部地区新质生产力发展的促进作用显著,中部地区效果不明显;在技术市场欠发达地区,人工智能的"普惠性赋能"效应更突出。文章为人工智能提升新质生产力水平提供了新的理论依据,并建议构建"研发+金融"协同生态,强化人工智能技术研发,以释放人工智能对新质生产力的驱动潜力。

Abstract:

New quality productive forces are an advanced form of productivity driven by innovation, which is crucial for high-quality economic development. Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2010 to 2023, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence on new quality productive forces through a measurement model. The research finds that the development of artificial intelligence can significantly enhance the level of new quality productive forces, and this conclusion remains valid after multiple robustness tests. Mechanism tests show that artificial intelligence indirectly empowers new quality productive forces by increasing the intensity of R&D investment and the efficiency of financial services. The former strengthens the support for technological innovation, while the latter optimizes the allocation of funds. The marketization process has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between artificial intelligence and new quality productive forces, and the market mechanism amplifies the technological spillover effect of artificial intelligence. Heterogeneity tests show that artificial intelligence has a significant promoting effect on the development of new quality productive forces in the eastern and western regions, but the effect is not obvious in the central region. In regions with underdeveloped technology markets, artificial intelligence exerts a more prominent inclusive empowerment effect. This study provides new theoretical basis for artificial intelligence to enhance the level of new quality productive forces, and suggests building a "R&D+finance" collaborative ecosystem and strengthening the research and development of artificial intelligence technology to release the driving potential of artificial intelligence for new quality productive forces.